C Structures

A structure in C is a composite data type that groups together variables of different data types under a single name. Structures are used to store data that has several different elements and can be used to represent real-world objects, such as a person's name, age, and address.

struct syntax:

1struct structure_name
2{
3   type member_name1;
4   type member_name2;
5   type member_name3;
6   ...
7};

Once a structure has been defined, you can declare variables of that structure type using the structure name. For example:

1struct person
2{
3   char name[50];
4   int age;
5   char address[100];
6};
7
8struct person p1;

You can access the members of a structure using the dot operator (.). For example:

1p1.age = 25;
2p1.name = "William Mike";
3strcpy(p1.address, "123 Main Street");

Example: Structures in C

The following example demonstrates the use of structures in C:

1#include <stdio.h>
2#include <string.h>
3
4struct person
5{
6   char name[50];
7   int age;
8   char address[100];
9};
10
11int main()
12{
13   struct person p1;
14   strcpy(p1.name, "William Mike");
15   p1.age = 25;
16   strcpy(p1.address, "123 Main Street");
17   printf("Name: %s\n", p1.name);
18   printf("Age: %d\n", p1.age);
19   printf("Address: %s\n", p1.address);
20   return 0;
21}

The output of this program is:

1Name: William Mike
2Age: 25
3Address: 123 Main Street

In this example, a structure named person is defined with three members: name, age, and address. A variable p1 of type person is declared and initialized with values for its members. The values of the members of p1 are then printed to the console.